{"id":209,"date":"2025-04-12T10:22:49","date_gmt":"2025-04-12T08:22:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/two.lensoptik.sk\/?p=209"},"modified":"2025-04-12T10:22:49","modified_gmt":"2025-04-12T08:22:49","slug":"detska-myopia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lensoptik.sk\/index.php\/2025\/04\/12\/detska-myopia\/","title":{"rendered":"Detsk\u00e1 myopia"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u010co je to detsk\u00e1 myopia?<\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Myopia je odborn\u00fd n\u00e1zov pre kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165. Je to o\u010dn\u00e1 vada, kedy pacient zrete\u013ene vid\u00ed bl\u00edzke predmety, ale vzdialen\u00e9 objekty s\u00fa pre\u0148ho rozmazan\u00e9. T\u00e1to porucha je pomerne roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e1, pod\u013ea American Academy of Ophtalmology ju m\u00e1 u\u017e takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd \u010dlen \u013eudskej popul\u00e1cie. \u010castokr\u00e1t b\u00fdva rozpoznan\u00e1 v neskor\u0161om \u0161t\u00e1diu, ke\u010f\u017ee rozmazan\u00e9 neb\u00fdvaj\u00fa v\u0161etky predmety, na ktor\u00e9 sa nosite\u013e tejto vady pozer\u00e1. Koriguje sa okuliarmi, kontaktn\u00fdmi \u0161o\u0161ovkami alebo chirurgick\u00fdm z\u00e1krokom.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Rozmazan\u00e9 videnie je sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou d\u013a\u017ekou oka spredu dozadu ako b\u00fdva pri be\u017enom oku. Vyskytuje sa vtedy, ke\u010f tvar oka \u2013 alebo tvar ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u010dast\u00ed oka \u2013 sp\u00f4sobuje nepresn\u00e9 oh\u00fdbanie (l\u00e1manie) sveteln\u00fdch l\u00fa\u010dov, ke\u010f je rohovka pr\u00edli\u0161 strmo zakriven\u00e1. Sveteln\u00e9 l\u00fa\u010de, ktor\u00e9 by mali by\u0165 zameran\u00e9 na nervov\u00e9 tkaniv\u00e1 v zadnej \u010dasti oka (sietnica), s\u00fa zaostren\u00e9 pred sietnicou.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 sa zvy\u010dajne vyv\u00edja v detstve a dospievan\u00ed a zvy\u010dajne sa st\u00e1va stabilnej\u0161ou medzi 20. a 40. rokom \u017eivota. Potvrdi\u0165 ju m\u00f4\u017ee u\u017e z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie. Je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 venova\u0165 tejto o\u010dnej chybe n\u00e1le\u017eit\u00fa pozornos\u0165, preto\u017ee m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 riziko vzniku neskor\u0161\u00edch o\u010dn\u00fdch probl\u00e9my, ako je katarakta (\u0161ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal), glauk\u00f3m alebo odl\u00fa\u010denie sietnice.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aktu\u00e1lna situ\u00e1cia<\/b><\/h4>\n

Zdroj: Rodenstock<\/span><\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 je jednou z naj\u010dastej\u0161\u00edch o\u010dn\u00fdch por\u00fach na svete. Akby sme \u0161li do konkr\u00e9tnych oblast\u00ed, v Eur\u00f3pe a Spojen\u00fdch \u0161t\u00e1toch je asi 30 % a\u017e 40 % dospel\u00fdch kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00fdch. V nieko\u013ek\u00fdch krajin\u00e1ch v\u00fdchodnej \u00c1zie je to v\u0161ak a\u017e 80 % alebo viac dospel\u00fdch. Vedci odhaduj\u00fa, \u017ee do roku 2050 bude kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 trpie\u0165 u\u017e polovica svetovej popul\u00e1cie.2<\/span><\/p>\n

In\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie ukazuj\u00fa, \u017ee v pr\u00edpade det\u00ed je kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 \u010doraz be\u017enej\u0161ia. Aj ke\u010f neexistuje \u017eiadna dok\u00e1zan\u00e1 priama s\u00favislos\u0165, v\u00fdskumy nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee deti, ktor\u00e9 tr\u00e1via viac \u010dasu vo vn\u00fatri vykon\u00e1van\u00edm aktiv\u00edt na bl\u00edzko (pr\u00e1ca s po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom, videohry a \u010d\u00edtanie),b\u00fdvaj\u00fa \u010dastej\u0161ie kr\u00e1tkozrak\u00e9 ako tie, ktor\u00e9 tr\u00e1via viac \u010dasu vonku.1<\/span><\/p>\n

Moment\u00e1lne sa v medic\u00edne st\u00e1le h\u013eadaj\u00fa sp\u00f4soby, ako spomali\u0165 postup kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u det\u00ed. Zatia\u013e \u010do ju nemo\u017eno zvr\u00e1ti\u0165, cie\u013eom nastavenej lie\u010dby je zabr\u00e1ni\u0165 jej zhor\u0161eniu, aby sa ochr\u00e1nilo zdravie o\u010d\u00ed die\u0165a\u0165a v bud\u00facnosti, a to i napriek tomu, \u017ee st\u00e1le mus\u00ed nosi\u0165 okuliare alebo kontaktn\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sympt\u00f3my<\/b><\/h4>\n

Pr\u00edznaky kr\u00e1tkozrakosti m\u00f4\u017eu zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • Rozmazan\u00e9 videnie pri poh\u013eade na vzdialen\u00e9 predmety,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Potrebu pri\u017em\u00fari\u0165, aby ste jasne videli,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Bolesti hlavy,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Nam\u00e1hanie o\u010d\u00ed,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Nadmern\u00e9 \u017emurkanie,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • \u010cast\u00e9 pretieranie o\u010d\u00ed,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Sedenie bl\u00edzko telev\u00edzora,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Probl\u00e9my s \u010d\u00edtan\u00edm ul\u00edc alebo zna\u010diek v obchode,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Rozmazan\u00e9 videnie pri slabom svetle (jazde v noci),<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Deti m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 probl\u00e9m vidie\u0165 veci na bielych tabuliach alebo projekci\u00e1ch v triede.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u00a0Myopia u det\u00ed<\/b><\/h4>\n

    Nane\u0161\u0165astie, kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 b\u00fdva \u010dasto dedi\u010dn\u00e1. Ak v\u00e1m bola diagnostikovan\u00e1 kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165, je d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 pravidelne nav\u0161tevova\u0165 va\u0161im potomkom kontrolova\u0165 zrak, aby sa pr\u00edpadn\u00e1 dedi\u010dnos\u0165 potvrdila v \u010do najskor\u0161om \u0161t\u00e1diu.\u00a0 Pozor treba d\u00e1va\u0165 na pr\u00edznaky, ako s\u00fa bolesti hlavy, pribli\u017eovanie sa k objektom pri \u010d\u00edtan\u00ed \u010di \u00fanava z nam\u00e1hania o\u010d\u00ed. Ke\u010f sa myopia potvrd\u00ed, zhor\u0161ova\u0165 sa m\u00f4\u017ee a\u017e do veku zhruba dvadsa\u0165 rokov. Pom\u00f4c\u0165 prevencii m\u00f4\u017ee zna\u010dne \u010dastej\u0161\u00ed pobyt v pr\u00edrode.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Pr\u00ed\u010diny kr\u00e1tkozrakosti<\/b><\/h4>\n

    Nikto zatia\u013e nepozn\u00e1 presn\u00e9 pr\u00ed\u010diny kr\u00e1tkozrakosti.\u00a0 Spravidla sa sp\u00e1ja s genetikou, ale svoju \u00falohu m\u00f4\u017ee zohra\u0165 aj star\u00e9 zn\u00e1me “nese\u010f bl\u00edzko pred telkou”. V dne\u0161nej dobe u\u017e bohu\u017eia\u013e pomerne be\u017ene dlh\u00e9 hodiny pozerania na monitory po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov alebo \u010d\u00edtanie pri slabom osvetlen\u00ed do ve\u013ekej miery nam\u00e1haj\u00fa o\u010di.<\/span><\/p>\n

    K probl\u00e9mom s myopiou doch\u00e1dza, ak sa svetlo vstupuj\u00face do o\u010d\u00ed zaostruje pred sietnicou, nie na nej, ako by to bolo v pr\u00edpade, ke\u010f oko funguje norm\u00e1lne (zaostrovanie za sietnicou je \u010falekozrakos\u0165).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Naj\u010dastej\u0161ou pr\u00ed\u010dinou detskej kr\u00e1tkozrakosti je u\u017e spomenut\u00e9 pred\u013a\u017eenie oka spredu dozadu, ktor\u00e9 pri progres\u00edvnej kr\u00e1tkozrakosti pokra\u010duje. Sietnica a \u010fal\u0161ie jemn\u00e9 tkaniv\u00e1 v o\u010diach sa postupom \u010dasu natiahnu a sten\u010dia. Ak sa myopia nepodchyt\u00ed, m\u00f4\u017ee postupova\u0165 a\u017e k nezvratnej strate zraku, \u010di dokonca slepote.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Mo\u017enosti prevencie<\/b><\/h4>\n
      \n
    • A\u017e o 30% je mo\u017en\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie je riziko v\u00fdskytu kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u die\u0165a\u0165a, ktor\u00e9 t\u00fd\u017edenne cez de\u0148 tr\u00e1vi vonku 14 hod\u00edn, ni\u017e\u0161ie pribli\u017ene o 30 %.6\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
    • V pr\u00edpade pacientov s postupuj\u00facou kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165ou m\u00f4\u017eu okuliare s bifok\u00e1lnymi alebo progres\u00edvnymi \u0161o\u0161ovkami zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 postupuj\u00facu kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 o 38 \u2013 47 %.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • V pr\u00edpade vyu\u017eitia ortokeratologick\u00fdch (orto-k, tvrd\u00fdch \u0161o\u0161oviek na noc) mo\u017eno pred\u013a\u017eenie osi spomali\u0165 v priemere o 45 %.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Zatia\u013e nie be\u017ene komer\u010dne dostupnou mo\u017enos\u0165ou s\u00fa m\u00e4kk\u00e9 jednod\u0148ov\u00e9 jednorazov\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky s dvojit\u00fdm ohniskom, v\u010faka ktor\u00fdm mo\u017eno dosiahnu\u0165 a\u017e 50-percentn\u00fa redukciu pred\u013a\u017eenia osi.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Znova – najlep\u0161ia vec, ktor\u00fa m\u00f4\u017eete urobi\u0165 s progresiou kr\u00e1tkozrakosti, je zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 riziko vzniku kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u v\u00e1\u0161ho die\u0165a\u0165a tr\u00e1ven\u00edm viac \u010dasu vonku.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Zabezpe\u010dte, aby deti mali ka\u017ed\u00fd de\u0148 90 min\u00fat slne\u010dn\u00e9ho svetla vonku.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Nau\u010dte deti pravidlo (aspo\u0148) 20 (sek\u00fand) \u2013 (pozera\u0165 do vzdialenosti) 20 (st\u00f4p, cca 6metrov) – (ka\u017ed\u00fdch) 20 (min\u00fat) a povzbudzujte ich, aby ho \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edvali v\u017edy, ke\u010f robia aktivity bl\u00edzko o\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenia s\u00fa nevyhnutnos\u0165ou pri de\u0165och s myopiou.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • V\u0161etky deti by mali absolvova\u0165 o\u010dn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie, aj ke\u010f nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne pr\u00edznaky probl\u00e9mov so zrakom. Prv\u00e9 by sa malo vykona\u0165 vo veku od 6 mesiacov do 12 mesiacov. \u010eal\u0161iu sk\u00fa\u0161ku by mali absolvova\u0165 vo veku od 3 do 5 rokov, n\u00e1sledne ro\u010dn\u00e9 kontroly a\u017e do dospelosti.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • \u0160koly alebo komunitn\u00e9 centr\u00e1 \u010dasto pon\u00fakaj\u00fa skr\u00edningy zraku = testy na kontrolu probl\u00e9mov so zrakom. Skr\u00edningov\u00fd test m\u00f4\u017ee vykona\u0165 pediater, oftalmol\u00f3g, optometrista alebo in\u00fd vy\u0161kolen\u00fd poskytovate\u013e.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Americk\u00e1 akad\u00e9mia oftalmol\u00f3gie odpor\u00fa\u010da, aby zdrav\u00ed dospel\u00ed bez zn\u00e1mych probl\u00e9mov so zrakom alebo o\u010dn\u00fdm ochoren\u00edm absolvovali kompletn\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie:<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n
      • Aspo\u0148 raz vo veku 20 a\u017e 29 rokov<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Aspo\u0148 dvakr\u00e1t vo veku 30 a\u017e 39 rokov<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Ka\u017ed\u00e9 2 a\u017e 4 roky od 40 do 54 rokov<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Ka\u017ed\u00fd 1 a\u017e 3 roky od 55 do 64 rokov<\/span><\/li>\n
      • Ka\u017ed\u00fd 1 a\u017e 2 roky po dosiahnut\u00ed veku 65 rokov<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        V pr\u00edpade cukrovky, rodinnej anamn\u00e9zy, vysok\u00e9ho krvn\u00e9ho tlaku alebo riz\u00edk srdcov\u00fdch alebo cievnych ochoren\u00ed s\u00fa pravdepodobne potrebn\u00e9 pravidelnej\u0161ie o\u010dn\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenia. To plat\u00ed aj v pr\u00edpade, ak u\u017e m\u00e1te dioptrick\u00e9 okuliare alebo kontaktn\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky, alebo ak ste podst\u00fapili oper\u00e1ciu na korekciu zraku. V\u00e1\u0161 poskytovate\u013e zdravotnej starostlivosti alebo o\u010dn\u00fd \u0161pecialista v\u00e1m odporu\u010d\u00ed, ako \u010dasto absolvova\u0165 vy\u0161etrenie.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Klasifik\u00e1cia z\u00e1va\u017enosti kr\u00e1tkozrakosti<\/b><\/h4>\n

        Kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 \u2013 ako v\u0161etky refrak\u010dn\u00e9 chyby \u2013 sa meria v optick\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch dioptrie (D). \u0160o\u0161ovk\u00e1m, ktor\u00e9 koriguj\u00fa kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165, predch\u00e1dza znamienko m\u00ednus (-) a zvy\u010dajne sa meraj\u00fa v krokoch po 0,25 D.<\/span><\/p>\n

        Z\u00e1va\u017enos\u0165 kr\u00e1tkozrakosti sa \u010dasto kategorizuje takto:<\/span><\/p>\n

          \n
        • N\u00edzka kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165: -0,50 D a\u017e -5,75 D<\/span><\/li>\n
        • Vysok\u00e1 kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165: -6,00 D a viac<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          Ak\u00fdko\u013evek stupe\u0148 kr\u00e1tkozrakosti m\u00f4\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 riziko v\u00e1\u017enej\u0161\u00edch komplik\u00e1ci\u00ed so zrakom nesk\u00f4r v \u017eivote. Ich pravdepodobnos\u0165 sa v\u0161ak s progresiou kr\u00e1tkozrakosti e\u0161te zvy\u0161uje.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Probl\u00e9my s o\u010dami s\u00favisiace s kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165ou<\/b><\/h4>\n
          Myopick\u00e1 makulopatia<\/b><\/h6>\n

          \u2013 ak\u00fdko\u013evek stupe\u0148 kr\u00e1tkozrakosti prin\u00e1\u0161a 100-kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko jej vzniku, \u013eudia s vysokou kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165ou maj\u00fa viac ako 800-kr\u00e1t vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko.<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u0160ed\u00fd z\u00e1kal<\/b><\/h6>\n

          – v\u00fdrazne sa zvy\u0161uje pr\u00e1ve u pacientov s kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165ou, obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 sa vyskytuje zadn\u00fd subkapsul\u00e1rny katarakt. \u013dudia s vysokou kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165ou podliehaj\u00fa tendencii skor\u0161ieho a dvakr\u00e1t \u010dastej\u0161ieho vzniku kataraktu.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Glauk\u00f3m<\/b><\/h6>\n

          \u2013 kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 zdvojn\u00e1sobuje pravdepodobnos\u0165 vzniku tejto vady v porovnan\u00ed s absenciou kr\u00e1tkozrakosti, vysok\u00e1 dokonca ztrojn\u00e1sobuje.<\/span><\/p>\n

          Odl\u00fa\u010denie sietnice<\/b><\/h6>\n

          \u2013 oproti zdrav\u00fdm jedincom je a\u017e trojn\u00e1sobne vy\u0161\u0161ie riziko jej vzniku, ktor\u00e9 sa zvy\u0161uje s progresiou kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Jedna \u0161t\u00fadia zistila, \u017ee takmer 55 % oddelen\u00ed sietnice nesp\u00f4soben\u00fdch traumou je sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165ou.2<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u00a0Lie\u010dba myopie<\/b><\/h4>\n

          Vo v\u0161eobecnosti je korekcia kr\u00e1tkozrakosti mo\u017en\u00e1 troma sp\u00f4sobmi:<\/span><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Okuliare na kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 \u2013 pri veku nad 40 rokov b\u00fdvaj\u00fa vhodn\u00e9 multifok\u00e1lne \u0161o\u0161ovky, ktor\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa lep\u0161ie videnie vzdialen\u00fdch i bl\u00edzkych objektov.<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. Kontaktn\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky \u2013 ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e1 alternat\u00edva najm\u00e4 pri akt\u00edvnom \u017eivotnom \u0161t\u00fdle alebo preferencii nad okuliarmi.<\/span><\/li>\n
          3. Refrak\u010dn\u00e1 chirurgia = oper\u00e1cia – LASIK laser pretvor\u00ed va\u0161u rohovku tak, aby sa svetlo vstupuj\u00face do o\u010d\u00ed zaostrovalo tak, ako treba. T\u00e1to alternat\u00edva v\u0161ak nie je automaticky vhodn\u00e1 pre ka\u017ed\u00e9ho a tie\u017e ju mnoh\u00e9 pois\u0165ovne nehradia, preto\u017ee je pova\u017eovan\u00e1 za kozmetick\u00fd z\u00e1krok.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            Lie\u010dba prograduj\u00facej myopie u det\u00ed je novinkou v na\u0161om portf\u00f3liu<\/b> \u2013 tejto vade sa venuj\u00fa len ve\u013ek\u00e9 kliniky a Lens Optik de Rossi je len tret\u00edm centrom na Slovensku vy\u0161kolen\u00fdm na t\u00fato oblas\u0165. Ide o kr\u00e1tkozraskos\u0165 s narastaj\u00facou odch\u00fdlkou od \u00fatleho veku.<\/span><\/p>\n

            Pri prograduj\u00facej myopii sa vieme zamera\u0165 na 3 terapie:<\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. lie\u010dba tvrdou kontaktnou \u0161o\u0161ovkou \u2013 odborne sa naz\u00fdva ortokeratol\u00f3gia \u2013 na noc sa nasadzuje tvrd\u00e1 kontaktn\u00e1 \u0161o\u0161ovka, av\u0161ak cez de\u0148 nie s\u00fa potrebn\u00e9 ani len okuliare <\/span>(n\u00e1\u0161 obr\u00e1zok aplik\u00e1cie K\u0160)<\/span><\/i><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              T\u00e1to \u201emultifok\u00e1lna\u201c kontaktn\u00e1 \u0161o\u0161ovka m\u00e1 r\u00f4zne oblasti zaostrenia a nosia ju deti vo veku 6-12 rokov. Laicky si ju m\u00f4\u017eeme predstavi\u0165 ako ter\u010d s viacer\u00fdmi kruhmi – stred \u0161o\u0161ovky koriguje rozmazan\u00e9 videnie na dia\u013eku a vonkaj\u0161ie \u010dasti rozostruj\u00fa perif\u00e9rne (bo\u010dn\u00e9) videnie die\u0165a\u0165a. Predpoklad\u00e1 sa toti\u017e, \u017ee rozmazan\u00e9 bo\u010dn\u00e9 videnie spoma\u013euje rast o\u010d\u00ed a obmedzuje kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165.1<\/span><\/p>\n

                \n
              1. lie\u010dba m\u00e4kkou kontaktnou \u0161o\u0161ovkou \u2013 pacient nos\u00ed cez de\u0148 \u0161peci\u00e1lnu m\u00e4kk\u00fa kontaktn\u00fa \u0161o\u0161ovku, kde v strede sa nach\u00e1dza potrebn\u00e1 dioptria a po bokoch ni\u017e\u0161ia. V na\u0161ej ponuke m\u00e1me \u0161o\u0161ovky MiSight od firmy Cooper Vision.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \n
                1. lie\u010dba okuliarovou \u0161o\u0161ovkou \u2013 pokia\u013e pacient nechce alebo nem\u00f4\u017ee nosi\u0165 \u0161o\u0161ovky, v ponuke m\u00e1me \u0161peci\u00e1lne dioptrick\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky MyCon od firmy Rodenstock.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  Zdroj: Rodenstock<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Be\u017en\u00e9 jednoohniskov\u00e9 okuliarov\u00e9 \u0161o\u0161ovky\u00a0 s\u00edce koriguj\u00fa myopiu a poskytuj\u00fa ostr\u00e9 videnie, av\u0161ak na perif\u00e9rii\u00a0 l\u00fa\u010de dopadaj\u00fa na sietnicu a predl\u017eovanie\u00a0 o\u010d\u00ed\u00a0 nekontroluj\u00fa. \u0160o\u0161ovky MyCon okrem korekcie myopie l\u00e1mu svetlo tak, aby na perif\u00e9rii dopadalo pred sietnicu, a t\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobovali spomalenie predl\u017eovanie oka, \u010do je u deti\u00a0 z\u00e1sadn\u00e9 pre udr\u017eanie ostr\u00e9ho videnia. T\u00fdm sa progresia spoma\u013euje.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Pre malolet\u00fdch pacientov m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165, prirodzene, nosenie kontaktn\u00fdch \u0161o\u0161oviek problematick\u00e9. Preto treba d\u00f4kladne zhodnoti\u0165 schopnos\u0165 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho die\u0165atka dodr\u017eiava\u0165 spr\u00e1vnu hygienu a pokyny na nosenie \u0161o\u0161oviek, aby sa predi\u0161lo infekcii rohovky.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Okrem t\u00fdchto troch terapi\u00ed s\u00fa zn\u00e1me aj o\u010dn\u00e9 kvapky s n\u00edzkou d\u00e1vkou l\u00e1tky zvanej atrop\u00edn. Ak sa atrop\u00ednov\u00e9 o\u010dn\u00e9 kvapky pod\u00e1vaj\u00fa de\u0165om v mal\u00fdch mno\u017estv\u00e1ch po\u010das 2 a\u017e 3 rokov, m\u00f4\u017eu spomali\u0165 progresiu kr\u00e1tkozrakosti. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa sa u det\u00ed vo veku od 5 do 18 rokov, ka\u017ed\u00fd ve\u010der pred span\u00edm. Ved\u013eaj\u0161ie \u00fa\u010dinky kvapiek atrop\u00ednu v n\u00edzkych d\u00e1vkach m\u00f4\u017eu zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 s\u010dervenanie alebo svrbenie okolo oka.2<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Ortokeratol\u00f3gia\u00a0<\/b><\/h4>\n

                  Alebo aj OrthoK je proces zmeny zakrivenia rohovky pomocou \u0161peci\u00e1lne navrhnut\u00fdch tvrd\u00fdch kontaktn\u00fdch \u0161o\u0161oviek priepustn\u00fdch pre plyny (GP), ktor\u00e9 sa nosia po\u010das sp\u00e1nku. V oblasti o\u010dnej starostlivosti je unik\u00e1tny t\u00fdm, \u017ee pacienti po vybrat\u00ed \u0161o\u0161ovky poci\u0165uj\u00fa zlep\u0161enie videnia a \u017ee \u0161o\u0161ovka sa nepou\u017e\u00edva po\u010das bdenia. Vy\u017eaduje si v\u0161ak na\u010falej nepretr\u017eit\u00fa lie\u010dbu, monitorovanie a starostlivos\u0165.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

                  Ortho-K \u0161o\u0161ovky splo\u0161tia rohovku po\u010das sp\u00e1nku a nasleduj\u00faci de\u0148 svetlo prech\u00e1dzaj\u00face cez upraven\u00fa rohovku dopad\u00e1 presne na sietnicu, v\u010faka \u010domu s\u00fa vzdialen\u00e9 obrazy jasnej\u0161ie. Nosenie t\u00fdchto \u0161o\u0161oviek v\u0161ak zlep\u0161uje videnie len na kr\u00e1tky \u010das, pri ukon\u010den\u00ed ich nosenia sa rohovka pomaly vr\u00e1ti do norm\u00e1lneho tvaru a kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165 sa obnov\u00ed. Ur\u010dit\u00e9 trval\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie progresie kr\u00e1tkozrakosti je v\u0161ak pri nich badate\u013en\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  V porovnan\u00ed s be\u017en\u00fdmi kontaktn\u00fdmi \u0161o\u0161ovkami sa \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie nasadzuj\u00fa a je potrebn\u00fdch viac kontroln\u00fdch n\u00e1v\u0161tev u lek\u00e1ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

                  V\u010dasn\u00e1 diagnostika myopie m\u00e1 v\u00fdznam najm\u00e4 preto, \u017ee ak je u\u017e v \u00fatlom veku vysok\u00e1, v neskor\u0161om veku m\u00f4\u017ee d\u00f4js\u0165 e\u0161te k jej zhor\u0161eniu. Uistite sa, \u017ee va\u0161e die\u0165a tr\u00e1vi viac \u010dasu vo vonkaj\u0161om prostred\u00ed. Obmedzte \u010das pou\u017e\u00edvania po\u010d\u00edta\u010da alebo in\u00fdch digit\u00e1lnych zariaden\u00ed. Vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00edm \u010dasu str\u00e1ven\u00e9ho pred obrazovkou s \u010dasom vonku toti\u017e m\u00f4\u017eete pom\u00f4c\u0165 obmedzi\u0165 postup kr\u00e1tkozrakosti v\u00e1\u0161ho die\u0165a\u0165a a chr\u00e1ni\u0165 jeho zrak aj do bud\u00facnosti.<\/b><\/p>\n

                  \u00a0<\/b><\/p>\n

                  Zdroje:<\/b><\/p>\n

                    \n
                  1. Myopia Control in Children – American Academy of Ophthalmology (aao.org)<\/span><\/li>\n
                  2. Why Progressive Myopia Is a Concern for Children and Adults (allaboutvision.com)<\/span><\/li>\n
                  3. Contemporary Orthok 2019<\/span><\/li>\n
                  4. Produktov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly firmy Rodenstock<\/span><\/li>\n
                  5. Rose KA, Morgan IG, Ip J, et al. Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children. (Aktivity vonku zni\u017euj\u00fa prevalenciu kr\u00e1tkozrakosti u det\u00ed.) Ophthalmology. 2008;115(8):1279-1285.)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                    \u010co je to detsk\u00e1 myopia?   Myopia je odborn\u00fd n\u00e1zov pre kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165. Je to o\u010dn\u00e1 vada, kedy pacient zrete\u013ene vid\u00ed bl\u00edzke predmety, ale vzdialen\u00e9 objekty s\u00fa pre\u0148ho rozmazan\u00e9. T\u00e1to porucha je pomerne roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e1, pod\u013ea American Academy of Ophtalmology ju m\u00e1 u\u017e takmer ka\u017ed\u00fd druh\u00fd \u010dlen \u013eudskej popul\u00e1cie. \u010castokr\u00e1t b\u00fdva rozpoznan\u00e1 v neskor\u0161om \u0161t\u00e1diu, ke\u010f\u017ee rozmazan\u00e9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":210,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ocne-diagnozy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDetsk\u00e1 myopia - Lens Optik | O\u010dn\u00e1 Optika<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lensoptik.sk\/index.php\/2025\/04\/12\/detska-myopia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Detsk\u00e1 myopia - Lens Optik | O\u010dn\u00e1 Optika\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u010co je to detsk\u00e1 myopia?   Myopia je odborn\u00fd n\u00e1zov pre kr\u00e1tkozrakos\u0165. 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